Background of the Group
In 1952, following a surge in UFO sightings, particularly those that captured significant attention over Washington, D.C., the CIA took action. The agency’s Deputy Director for Intelligence, Robert Amory Jr., directed the CIA Office of Scientific Intelligence’s (OSI) Physics and Electronics Division to investigate UFO cases. A. Ray Gordon led this initiative, and his team, known as the Special Study Group, reviewed all available data from the Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC), including information from Projects SIGN through GRUDGE.
Results
The Special Study Group found that 90 percent of the UFO reports could be explained, while the remaining 10 percent involved "incredible" claims but did not support the idea that these reports indicated Soviet or extraterrestrial technology. The group also examined Soviet media but found no UFO-related reports, leading them to believe that the Soviets might be deliberately suppressing such information. Additionally, the Study Group speculated that the Soviets could potentially use UFO reports to create public hysteria in the U.S. or overwhelm the U.S. early-warning systems.
- In December 1952, H. Marshall Chadwell, Assistant Director of OSI, presented his concerns about UFOs to the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI), Walter Bedell Smith. Chadwell emphasized the urgency of the issue, believing that the sightings of unexplained high-altitude and high-speed objects near key U.S. defense installations required immediate attention. He argued that these sightings could not be attributed to natural phenomena or known aircraft.
- While the available materials do not indicate that Smith believed these sightings were of extraterrestrial origin, he did agree that they were not attributable to known natural phenomena or competitor technology. Chadwell’s different perspective from the Study Group’s conclusions potentially viewing the UFO reports as unknown Soviet technology posing a national security threat eventually led to the formation of the Robertson Panel.
Reference:
The Department of Defense All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office. (2024, February). Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP). Volume I.
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